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THE ECONOMIC ARCHIVE

Muhammad Yunus: A legacy of empowering millions through microfinance

A Humble Beginning Muhammad Yunus, born in 1940 in Chittagong, Bangladesh, grew up with a deep sense of empathy for those living in poverty. His early life was shaped by a desire to make a difference, particularly as he saw the vast inequalities that plagued his homeland. He pursued higher education abroad, earning a PhD […]

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Digital India Initiative: A defining moment in India’s technological evolution

Setting the Stage Launched in July 2015, the Digital India Initiative represents a transformative effort aimed at transitioning India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. This ambitious program aligns with India’s broader aspirations for technological leadership, aiming to harness digital technologies to foster inclusive growth, enhance governance, and drive economic development. By focusing

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1991 Economic reforms: India’s defining economic shift

India’s Economic Crisis and the 1991 IMF Bailout By 1991, India was teetering on the edge of financial collapse. Foreign reserves had dwindled below $1 billion—barely enough to cover two weeks of imports. Inflation spiked to 17%, fiscal deficits exceeded 8.5% of GDP, and the government faced mounting debt. In a desperate bid to avert

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2008 Financial Crisis: A defining moment in global economic history

The Calm Before the Storm The lead-up to the 2008 crisis was characterized by a booming U.S. housing market, driven by cheap credit and deregulation. Between 1997 and 2006, home prices skyrocketed by nearly 124%. Banks, lured by high returns, issued risky subprime loans to underqualified borrowers, confident that housing prices would continue to rise.

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Ratan Tata: The visionary behind Tata’s global legacy

On October 10, 2024, the world lost one of its most iconic business leaders—Ratan Tata. His passing marked the end of an era, but his legacy lives on in every corner of the global business landscape. Known for his bold vision, ethical leadership, and transformative decisions, Ratan Tata led the Tata Group, an Indian-centric conglomerate,

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Meet Todar Mal: the man who revolutionalized Akbar’s financial system

Let’s travel back to the flourishing Mughal Empire under Emperor Akbar’s rule, where one man stood out for his brilliance—not in warfare or politics, but in something just as powerful: finance. That man was Todar Mal, the economic mastermind who completely overhauled the empire’s tax system. This isn’t just a story of calculations and reforms;

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